Convict Ship England 1835

Convict Ship England - 1835

Embarked 230 men
Voyage 112 days
Deaths 0
Surgeon's Journal: yes
Previous vessel: Mary arrived 6 September 1835
Next vessel: Backwell arrived 29 September 1835
Captain Thomas Bacon
Surgeon Obadiah Pineo

The England was built at Chepstow in 1814. This was the second voyage of the England bringing convicts to New South Wales, the first being in 1826.

Some of the convicts transported on the Englandwere tried and convicted at the Old Bailey and imprisoned at Newgate before being sent to the hulks. Select here to find out what it may have been like to be imprisoned in Newgate in 1835.

Cabin Passengers

Cabin Passengers included D.A.C.G. Smith, Captain James Henry Crummer, Mrs Crummer and 3 children,

Military Guard

Ensign Ewen and 29 rank and file of the 28th regt., 9 women and 7 children.

Surgeon Obadiah Pineo

Obadiah Pineo R.N. kept a medical Journal from 12th May 1835 to 20 October 1835. Although he was a well experienced surgeon, this was his first appointment as surgeon superintendent on a convict ship.

He embarked on the England on 1st June 1835 at Portsmouth. He noted that of the 230 male prisoners some had bodily infirmity such as contracted limbs, others with distorted limbs and three of them were over 60 years of age. Most however were young and had all the appearance of health.

The first case recorded in his journal was on the 1 June when Thomas Berriman, age 17, presented with a sprain of the wrist joint in consequence of it being suddenly bent backwards by another prisoner when getting into the vessel which brought them to the England.

The following prisoners were treated by Obadiah Pineo while the England still lay at Spithead.....Edward Johnstone age 18 was treated for an irregularity on the joint of his finger; Thomas Millington age 35 for chest pains and John Holgate for furunculi on his cheek on 3 June. On 4th June Charles Preston age 46 was treated for eruptions on the face and neck, James Sweeten was vaccinated in both arms. On 5th June Mark Grand age 20 was treated for Catarrhus and slight cough. Several other men were treated by the surgeon before the vessel set sail.[1]

Departure

The England departed Portsmouth 8th June 1835

The Voyage

There were no epidemic diseases during the voyage. The vaccine with which the surgeon was supplied did not succeed in a single instance. There were a great number of spontaneous cases of ptyalism (Excessive salivation)............

About 40 cases directly after leaving England which I am unable to account for unless perhaps to the great change of diet, use of tobacco and strong excitement on leaving their native land, many of them forever. For all men however hardened must have experienced painful emotions on leaving their native land under such circumstances.

A few cases of scurvy took place, the latter part of the voyage of mild character. It appeared amongst the young prisoners and in the form of discoloured legs with some hardness and spongy bleeding gums.. With these port wine every day and lime juice with sugar and water were used freely..........

For the prevention of scurvy in these ships much appears to depend on the cleanliness and ventilation of the prisons which ought to be kept as dry as possible. The free use of chlorate of lime and also of vinegar throughout the whole of the prisoners as well as down the water closets daily are most favourable for the preservation of a pure air and doing away all unpleasant smells. Next to these is keeping the whole of the prisoners on deck whenever the weather will allow of it; and keeping them employed in some way or other not the least amongst all the probably means of securing good health is their full allowance of provisions and that provisions thoroughly cooked with a liberal allowance of wholesome water. Washing their clothes at proper seasons and bathing generally in the warm latitude will also greatly contribute to the preservation of good health and add much to comfort of each man. [1]

Port Jackson

The England arrived in Port Jackson on 28th September 1835.

Convict Indents

The printed convict indents are arranged in alphabetical order by the place of conviction:

Berkshire - 4 men convicted
Cambridgeshire - 9 men
Central Criminal Court - 64 men
Cornwall - 1 man
Devonshire - 4 men
Dorsetshire - 3 men
Essex - 9 men
Hereford - 1 man
Lancaster - 4 men
Middlesex - 12 men
Norfolk - 16 men
Northampton - 5 men
Oxford - 2 men
Somersetshire - 5 men
Southampton - 13 men
Staffordshire - 2 men
Suffolk - 9 men
Surrey - 17 men
Sussex - 13 men
Warwickshire - 13 men
Wiltshire - 14 men
Yorkshire - 3 men
Dominica - 1 man
Guernsey Royal Court - 2 men
Newfoundland - 1 man
Jamaica court-martial - 2 men
Devonport court-martial - 1 man

28th Regiment

Convict ships bringing detachments of the 28th regiment included Recovery, Marquis of Huntley, Charles Kerr, Westmoreland, Norfolk, Backwell, England, John Barry, Susan, Waterloo, Moffatt, Strathfieldsaye, Portsea and Lady McNaughten

Convict Ships 1835 - 28th regiment guard

Soldiers of the 28th regiment stationed in Newcastle and Maitland 1836-37

Private Edward Beech

Lieut. Robert Baumgartner

Private John Cahill

Sgt. Austin Canning

Vincent Chiodetti bandmaster

William Conoly

Major James Crummer

Daniel Edmonds

Private Bernard Farrell

Sgt. Patrick Flood

Private Henry Gunter

Sgt. Thomas Hassatt

Private John Hows

Private Michael Hughes

Private David Jones

Private William Keach

Private John Lee

John Lester

Sgt. Francis McKowen

Corporal Mallon

Private Patrick Miller

Sgt. William Moore

Corporal Lawrence Murray

John Smith

Private William Smith

Charles Hamilton Smith

Michael Tully

Thomas Walsham

Corporal Ezekiel Wells

Corporal Edward Welsh

John Warland - bugler

Private Peter White

William Woods

References

[1] Ancestry.com. UK, Royal Navy Medical Journals, 1817-1857 . Medical Journal of Obadiah Pineo on the voyage of the England in 1835. The National Archives. Kew, Richmond, Surrey.

[2] Bateson, Charles Library of Australian History (1983). The convict ships, 1787-1868 (Australian ed). Library of Australian History, Sydney : pp.352-353, 389

↑

Free Settler or Felon
Convict and Colonial History